The Difference Between an Opening Statement and a Closing Argument - Bordas & Bordas (2024)

The Difference Between an Opening Statement and a Closing Argument - Bordas & Bordas (1)

The Difference Between an Opening Statement and a Closing Argument - Bordas & Bordas (2)June 17th, 2020

An opening statement and a closing argument are crucial stages of a trial. The former provides an attorney the opportunity to get up in front of the judge and jury and articulate points that will be established during trial; while the latter is a time for an attorney to argue the evidence that was presented throughout the course of the trial. As the terms suggest, an “opening statement” comes at the beginning of the trial, while a “closing argument” occurs at the end of the trial after all the evidence is established.

In addition to the respective positions each maintains in the course of trial, there are other differences between the two stages. For instance, you cannot argue during the opening statement. An opening statement is a time to state to the judge and jury the forthcoming evidence. If you have ever been on a jury, or have seen documentaries regarding high profile cases, you may have noticed the attorney in his or her opening statement say “the evidence will show” before he or she describes a piece of evidence that will be provided to prove a point later in the trial. The phrase “the evidence will show” highlights to the judge and jury that during the subject’s trial, the forthcoming evidence will help establish the plaintiff’s or defendant’s position, depending on whom one represents. It’s important to remember during opening statements attorneys may compellingly advocate on behalf of his or her client, yet may not put forth arguments.

On the other hand, closing arguments occur after all the evidence has been presented at trial, and it provides the attorney an opportunity to argue the evidence did or did not establish the underlying claims. This ability to argue what the evidence showed is different than stating what “the evidence will show.” As opposed to the opening statement, at the closing argument stage of the trial, the attorney is allowed to argue the evidence in favor of his or her client’s position.

Both opening statements and closing arguments are critical moments during trial that can influence the outcome of a case. Although both of these times allow the attorney to get up in front of the judge and jury and present on his or her client’s behalf, one must keep in mind the differences between the two distinct stages of trial.

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The Difference Between an Opening Statement and a Closing Argument - Bordas & Bordas (2024)

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The Difference Between an Opening Statement and a Closing Argument - Bordas & Bordas? ›

The former provides an attorney the opportunity to get up in front of the judge and jury and articulate points that will be established during trial; while the latter is a time for an attorney to argue the evidence that was presented throughout the course of the trial.

What is the difference between opening statement and closing argument? ›

Unlike an opening statement, where counsel may describe only what the evidence is expected to show, in the closing argument counsel may argue the conclusions that should be drawn from the evidence.

What is the difference between opening and closing speech? ›

If the defence decide to make an opening speech it should start with a comment on the evidence given so far by the prosecution, then provide an outline of the evidence to come and conclude with a summary of the questions that they think need to be answered. The closing speech is the final attempt to address the court.

What is the difference between the closing statement and the closing argument? ›

The closing argument (also called the "closing statement") is the time when the attorneys may forcefully argue their sides of the case to the jury. The closing statement occurs after the close of evidence.

What is an opening statement in an argument? ›

Opening Statement

This is each party's opportunity to set the basic scene for the jurors, introduce them to the core dispute(s) in the case, and provide a general road map of how the trial is expected to unfold.

What is an example of a closing argument? ›

An example of a closing argument is the lawyer opening with a statement, "How can my client be in two places at once?". The lawyer could then incorporate the theme of an alibi, arguing that the defendant could not have possibly committed a crime because they weren't even in the country when the crime took place.

What is a closing statement? ›

The closing statement, also called a closing disclosure or settlement statement, is essentially a comprehensive list of every expense that the buyer and/or seller must pay to complete the purchase of a home.

What are examples of good closing remarks? ›

Sample closing remarks for an event
  • We hope you enjoyed attending our event as much as we enjoyed putting it together. ...
  • Thank you for coming to our get-together. ...
  • We have come a long way since the last time we were all together. ...
  • Before we all head out, I would like to thank everyone who showed up tonight.
Mar 18, 2024

How to write a closing statement? ›

Anatomy of a Closing Argument : The Basics
  1. Focus on the key issues.
  2. Identify witness testimony and exhibits supporting each issue.
  3. Tell a the client's story.
  4. Reinforce case themes.
  5. Help the jury tie things together in their mind.
  6. The organizational structure will vary depending on the case.

How do I end an opening statement? ›

The end or conclusion should be dramatic and powerful and connect to your opening. It should give them a call to action, involving them in the process to make the right and just decision. conduct is an essential part of persuasion and should come first.

What are examples of opening statements? ›

Some examples:
  • “This is a case about taking chances.”
  • “Mary Jones had a dream and a plan.”
  • “Revenge. That's what this case is all about.”
  • “This is also a case about pain. Mr. Johnson's only companion today is constant pain.”
  • “This is a case about police brutality”

What is the main idea of the closing argument? ›

Closing argument is the lawyer's final opportunity in a trial to tell the judge and/or jury why they should win the case. They do so by explaining how the evidence supports their theory of the case, and by clarifying for the jury any issues that they must resolve in order to render a verdict.

What Cannot be included in a closing argument? ›

Facts of Other Cases.

It is not permissible argument for counsel to read, or otherwise state, the facts of another case, together with the decision therein, as premises leading to the conclusion that the jury should return a verdict favorable to his client in the case on trial.

What is the difference between an opening statement and closing argument? ›

As the terms suggest, an “opening statement” comes at the beginning of the trial, while a “closing argument” occurs at the end of the trial after all the evidence is established.

What not to say in an opening statement? ›

Prosecutors and defense attorneys generally have considerable latitude in what they're allowed to say in opening statement. That said, they're not allowed to "argue" (argument is saved for closing), nor are they allow to refer to inadmissible evidence or facts they don't intend to or can't prove.

What is the golden rule of opening statements? ›

The “Golden Rule” argument: Statements from which the jury might infer that it was proper in calculating damages to place themselves in the plaintiff's shoes and award the amount they would “charge” to undergo equivalent disability, pain, and suffering.

How do you write a closing and opening statement? ›

It should provide an outline or a road map to help them follow along. The opening statement is also an opportunity to introduce the themes of the case. Here are outlines on how you can properly formulate an opening statement. Keep in mind that every case is different, and you are not bound by any particular format.

How do you write an opening and closing statement for a debate? ›

In the opening statement, you must clearly present your team's case, explain why your argument is strong, and state what criteria your team will use to support it. At the end, you must wrap up your team's case and re-state why it is the better argument.

What defines a closed argument? ›

Closing argument is the lawyer's final opportunity in a trial to tell the judge and/or jury why they should win the case. They do so by explaining how the evidence supports their theory of the case, and by clarifying for the jury any issues that they must resolve in order to render a verdict.

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