Chrysin: Health Benefits, Side Effects, Uses, Dose & Precautions (2024)

Brown, E., Hurd, N. S., McCall, S., and Ceremuga, T. E. Evaluation of the anxiolytic effects of chrysin, a Passiflora incarnata extract, in the laboratory rat. AANA.J 2007;75(5):333-337. View abstract.

Campbell, D. R. and Kurzer, M. S. Flavonoid inhibition of aromatase enzyme activity in human preadipocytes. J.Steroid Biochem.Mol.Biol. 1993;46(3):381-388. View abstract.

Cardenas, M., Marder, M., Blank, V. C., and Roguin, L. P. Antitumor activity of some natural flavonoids and synthetic derivatives on various human and murine cancer cell lines. Bioorg.Med Chem 5-1-2006;14(9):2966-2971. View abstract.

Chen, C. C., Chow, M. P., Huang, W. C., Lin, Y. C., and Chang, Y. J. Flavonoids inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced up-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in respiratory epithelial cells through activator protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB: structure-activity relationships. Mol.Pharmacol 2004;66(3):683-693. View abstract.

Chen, S., Kao, Y. C., and Laughton, C. A. Binding characteristics of aromatase inhibitors and phytoestrogens to human aromatase. J Steroid Biochem Mol.Biol 1997;61(3-6):107-115. View abstract.

Cipak, L., Rauko, P., Miadokova, E., Cipakova, I., and Novotny, L. Effects of flavonoids on cisplatin-induced apoptosis of HL-60 and L1210 leukemia cells. Leuk.Res 2003;27(1):65-72. View abstract.

Collins, B. M., McLachlan, J. A., and Arnold, S. F. The estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of phytochemicals with the human estrogen receptor expressed in yeast. Steroids 1997;62(4):365-372. View abstract.

Comte, G., Daskiewicz, J. B., Bayet, C., Conseil, G., Viornery-Vanier, A., Dumontet, C., Di, Pietro A., and Barron, D. C-Isoprenylation of flavonoids enhances binding affinity toward P-glycoprotein and modulation of cancer cell chemoresistance. J Med Chem 3-1-2001;44(5):763-768. View abstract.

Conney, A. H., Buening, M. K., Pantuck, E. J., Pantuck, C. B., Fortner, J. G., Anderson, K. E., and Kappas, A. Regulation of human drug metabolism by dietary factors. Ciba Found.Symp. 1980;76:147-167. View abstract.

Critchfield, J. W., Butera, S. T., and Folks, T. M. Inhibition of HIV activation in latently infected cells by flavonoid compounds. AIDS Res.Hum.Retroviruses 1-1-1996;12(1):39-46. View abstract.

De Clercq, E. Current lead natural products for the chemotherapy of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Med.Res Rev. 2000;20(5):323-349. View abstract.

Eaton, E. A., Walle, U. K., Lewis, A. J., Hudson, T., Wilson, A. A., and Walle, T. Flavonoids, potent inhibitors of the human P-form phenolsulfotransferase. Potential role in drug metabolism and chemoprevention. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996;24(2):232-237. View abstract.

Edmunds, K. M., Holloway, A. C., Crankshaw, D. J., Agarwal, S. K., and Foster, W. G. The effects of dietary phytoestrogens on aromatase activity in human endometrial stromal cells. Reprod.Nutr Dev 2005;45(6):709-720. View abstract.

Gambelunghe, C., Rossi, R., Sommavilla, M., Ferranti, C., Rossi, R., Ciculi, C., Gizzi, S., Micheletti, A., and Rufini, S. Effects of chrysin on urinary testosterone levels in human males. J.Med.Food 2003;6(4):387-390. View abstract.

Gopalakrishnan, A., Xu, C. J., Nair, S. S., Chen, C., Hebbar, V., and Kong, A. N. Modulation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and MAPK pathway by flavonoids in human prostate cancer PC3 cells. Arch Pharm Res 2006;29(8):633-644. View abstract.

Goutman, J. D., Waxemberg, M. D., Donate-Oliver, F., Pomata, P. E., and Calvo, D. J. Flavonoid modulation of ionic currents mediated by GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 2-14-2003;461(2-3):79-87. View abstract.

Gyemant, N., Tanaka, M., Antus, S., Hohmann, J., Csuka, O., Mandoky, L., and Molnar, J. In vitro search for synergy between flavonoids and epirubicin on multidrug-resistant cancer cells. In Vivo 2005;19(2):367-374. View abstract.

Han, D. H., Denison, M. S., Tachibana, H., and Yamada, K. Relationship between estrogen receptor-binding and estrogenic activities of environmental estrogens and suppression by flavonoids. Biosci.Biotechnol.Biochem 2002;66(7):1479-1487. View abstract.

Harris, G. K., Qian, Y., Leonard, S. S., Sbarra, D. C., and Shi, X. Luteolin and chrysin differentially inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 expression and scavenge reactive oxygen species but similarly inhibit prostaglandin-E2 formation in RAW 264.7 cells. J Nutr 2006;136(6):1517-1521. View abstract.

Hertog, M. G., Feskens, E. J., Hollman, P. C., Katan, M. B., and Kromhout, D. Dietary flavonoids and cancer risk in the Zutphen Elderly Study. Nutr Cancer 1994;22(2):175-184. View abstract.

Hougee, S., Sanders, A., Faber, J., Graus, Y. M., van den Berg, W. B., Garssen, J., Smit, H. F., and Hoijer, M. A. Decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine production by LPS-stimulated PBMC upon in vitro incubation with the flavonoids apigenin, luteolin or chrysin, due to selective elimination of monocytes/macrophages. Biochem Pharmacol 1-15-2005;69(2):241-248. View abstract.

Hu, C. Q., Chen, K., Shi, Q., Kilkuskie, R. E., Cheng, Y. C., and Lee, K. H. Anti-AIDS agents, 10. Acacetin-7-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside, an anti-HIV principle from Chrysanthemum morifolium and a structure-activity correlation with some related flavonoids. J.Nat.Prod. 1994;57(1):42-51. View abstract.

Ise, R., Han, D., Takahashi, Y., Terasaka, S., Inoue, A., Tanji, M., and Kiyama, R. Expression profiling of the estrogen responsive genes in response to phytoestrogens using a customized DNA microarray. FEBS Lett 3-14-2005;579(7):1732-1740. View abstract.

Kachadourian, R. and Day, B. J. Flavonoid-induced glutathione depletion: potential implications for cancer treatment. Free Radic.Biol.Med. 7-1-2006;41(1):65-76. View abstract.

Kim, H. J., Lee, S. B., Park, S. K., Kim, H. M., Park, Y. I., and Dong, M. S. Effects of hydroxyl group numbers on the B-ring of 5,7-dihydroxyflavones on the differential inhibition of human CYP 1A and CYP1B1 enzymes. Arch Pharm Res 2005;28(10):1114-1121. View abstract.

Kim, Y. J., Bae, Y. C., Suh, K. T., and Jung, J. S. Quercetin, a flavonoid, inhibits proliferation and increases osteogenic differentiation in human adipose stromal cells. Biochem Pharmacol 11-15-2006;72(10):1268-1278. View abstract.

Knekt, P., Kumpulainen, J., Jarvinen, R., Rissanen, H., Heliovaara, M., Reunanen, A., Hakulinen, T., and Aromaa, A. Flavonoid intake and risk of chronic diseases. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 2002;76(3):560-568. View abstract.

Kohut, M. L., Thompson, J. R., Campbell, J., Brown, G. A., Vukovich, M. D., Jackson, D. A., and King, D. S. Ingestion of a dietary supplement containing dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and androstenedione has minimal effect on immune function in middle-aged men. J Am Coll Nutr 2003;22(5):363-371. View abstract.

Kuiper, G. G., Lemmen, J. G., Carlsson, B., Corton, J. C., Safe, S. H., van der Saag, P. T., van der Burg, B., and Gustafsson, J. A. Interaction of estrogenic chemicals and phytoestrogens with estrogen receptor beta. Endocrinology 1998;139(10):4252-4263. View abstract.

Labib, S., Hummel, S., Richling, E., Humpf, H. U., and Schreier, P. Use of the pig caecum model to mimic the human intestinal metabolism of hispidulin and related compounds. Mol.Nutr Food Res 2006;50(1):78-86. View abstract.

Landolfi, R., Mower, R. L., and Steiner, M. Modification of platelet function and arachidonic acid metabolism by bioflavonoids. Structure-activity relations. Biochem Pharmacol 5-1-1984;33(9):1525-1530. View abstract.

Limasset, B., le Doucen, C., Dore, J. C., Ojasoo, T., Damon, M., and Crastes, de Paulet. Effects of flavonoids on the release of reactive oxygen species by stimulated human neutrophils. Multivariate analysis of structure-activity relationships (SAR). Biochem.Pharmacol 10-5-1993;46(7):1257-1271. View abstract.

Lin, C. M., Chang, H., Li, S. Y., Wu, I. H., and Chiu, J. H. Chrysin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced angiogenesis via down-regulation of VEGF/VEGFR-2(KDR) and IL-6/IL-6R pathways. Planta Med 2006;72(8):708-714. View abstract.

Lotito, S. B. and Frei, B. Dietary flavonoids attenuate tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced adhesion molecule expression in human aortic endothelial cells. Structure-function relationships and activity after first pass metabolism. J Biol Chem 12-1-2006;281(48):37102-37110. View abstract.

Lyu, S. Y. and Park, W. B. Production of cytokine and NO by RAW 264.7 macrophages and PBMC in vitro incubation with flavonoids. Arch Pharm Res 2005;28(5):573-581. View abstract.

Lyu, S. Y., Rhim, J. Y., and Park, W. B. Antiherpetic activities of flavonoids against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) in vitro. Arch Pharm Res 2005;28(11):1293-1301. View abstract.

Mak, P., Cruz, F. D., and Chen, S. A yeast screen system for aromatase inhibitors and ligands for androgen receptor: yeast cells transformed with aromatase and androgen receptor. Environ Health Perspect. 1999;107(11):855-860. View abstract.

Monasterio, A., Urdaci, M. C., Pinchuk, I. V., Lopez-Moratalla, N., and Martinez-Irujo, J. J. Flavonoids induce apoptosis in human leukemia U937 cells through caspase- and caspase-calpain-dependent pathways. Nutr Cancer 2004;50(1):90-100. View abstract.

Moon, Y. J., Wang, X., and Morris, M. E. Dietary flavonoids: effects on xenobiotic and carcinogen metabolism. Toxicol In Vitro 2006;20(2):187-210. View abstract.

Nose, K. Inhibition by flavonoids of RNA synthesis in permeable WI-38 cells and of transcription by RNA polymerase II. Biochem Pharmacol 12-1-1984;33(23):3823-3827. View abstract.

Novotny, L., Vachalkova, A., Al-Nakib, T., Mohanna, N., Vesela, D., and Suchy, V. Separation of structurally related flavonoids by GC/MS technique and determination of their polarographic parameters and potential carcinogenicity. Neoplasma 1999;46(4):231-236. View abstract.

O'Leary, K. A., de Pascual-Tereasa, S., Needs, P. W., Bao, Y. P., O'Brien, N. M., and Williamson, G. Effect of flavonoids and vitamin E on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) transcription. Mutat.Res 7-13-2004;551(1-2):245-254. View abstract.

Otake, Y., Hsieh, F., and Walle, T. Glucuronidation versus oxidation of the flavonoid galangin by human liver microsomes and hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002;30(5):576-581. View abstract.

Paladini, A. C., Marder, M., Viola, H., Wolfman, C., Wasowski, C., and Medina, J. H. Flavonoids and the central nervous system: from forgotten factors to potent anxiolytic compounds. J Pharm Pharmacol 1999;51(5):519-526. View abstract.

Rimm, E. B., Katan, M. B., Ascherio, A., Stampfer, M. J., and Willett, W. C. Relation between intake of flavonoids and risk for coronary heart disease in male health professionals. Ann.Intern.Med. 9-1-1996;125(5):384-389. View abstract.

Saarinen, N., Joshi, S. C., Ahotupa, M., Li, X., Ammala, J., Makela, S., and Santti, R. No evidence for the in vivo activity of aromatase-inhibiting flavonoids. J Steroid Biochem Mol.Biol 2001;78(3):231-239. View abstract.

Sanderson, J. T., Hordijk, J., Denison, M. S., Springsteel, M. F., Nantz, M. H., and van den Berg, M. Induction and inhibition of aromatase (CYP19) activity by natural and synthetic flavonoid compounds in H295R human adrenocortical carcinoma cells. Toxicol Sci 2004;82(1):70-79. View abstract.

Schindler, R. and Mentlein, R. Flavonoids and vitamin E reduce the release of the angiogenic peptide vascular endothelial growth factor from human tumor cells. J Nutr. 2006;136(6):1477-1482. View abstract.

Sergent, T., Garsou, S., Schaut, A., De, Saeger S., Pussemier, L., Van, Peteghem C., Larondelle, Y., and Schneider, Y. J. Differential modulation of ochratoxin A absorption across Caco-2 cells by dietary polyphenols, used at realistic intestinal concentrations. Toxicol Lett 10-15-2005;159(1):60-70. View abstract.

Shimoi, K., Saka, N., Kaji, K., Nozawa, R., and Kinae, N. Metabolic fate of luteolin and its functional activity at focal site. Biofactors 2000;12(1-4):181-186. View abstract.

Siess, M. H., Le Bon, A. M., Suschetet, M., and Rat, P. Inhibition of ethoxyresorufin deethylase activity by natural flavonoids in human and rat liver microsomes. Food Addit.Contam 1990;7 Suppl 1:S178-S181. View abstract.

Simons, A. L., Renouf, M., Hendrich, S., and Murphy, P. A. Human gut microbial degradation of flavonoids: structure-function relationships. J Agric.Food Chem 5-18-2005;53(10):4258-4263. View abstract.

Smith, C. M., Graham, R. A., Krol, W. L., Silver, I. S., Negishi, M., Wang, H., and Lecluyse, E. L. Differential UGT1A1 induction by chrysin in primary human hepatocytes and HepG2 Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2005;315(3):1256-1264. View abstract.

Stipcevic, T., Piljac, J., and Vanden Berghe, D. Effect of different flavonoids on collagen synthesis in human fibroblasts. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2006;61(1):29-34. View abstract.

Sugatani, J., Yamakawa, K., Tonda, E., Nishitani, S., Yoshinari, K., Degawa, M., Abe, I., Noguchi, H., and Miwa, M. The induction of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 mediated through a distal enhancer module by flavonoids and xenobiotics. Biochem Pharmacol 3-1-2004;67(5):989-1000. View abstract.

Tobin, P. J., Beale, P., Noney, L., Liddell, S., Rivory, L. P., and Clarke, S. A pilot study on the safety of combining chrysin, a non-absorbable inducer of UGT1A1, and irinotecan (CPT-11) to treat metastatic colorectal cancer. Cancer Chemother.Pharmacol 2006;57(3):309-316. View abstract.

Tsyrlov, I. B., Mikhailenko, V. M., and Gelboin, H. V. Isozyme- and species-specific susceptibility of cDNA-expressed CYP1A P-450s to different flavonoids. Biochim.Biophys Acta 4-13-1994;1205(2):325-335. View abstract.

Uhl, M., Ecker, S., Kassie, F., Lhoste, E., Chakraborty, A., Mohn, G., and Knasmuller, S. Effect of chrysin, a flavonoid compound, on the mutagenic activity of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5- b]pyridine (PhIP) and benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) in bacterial and human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. Arch.Toxicol. 2003;77(8):477-484. View abstract.

Uzel, A., Sorkun, K., Oncag, O., Cogulu, D., Gencay, O., and Salih, B. Chemical compositions and antimicrobial activities of four different Anatolian propolis samples. Microbiol.Res 2005;160(2):189-195. View abstract.

van Duursen, M. B., Sanderson, J. T., de Jong, P. C., Kraaij, M., and van den Berg, M. Phytochemicals inhibit catechol-O-methyltransferase activity in cytosolic fractions from healthy human mammary tissues: implications for catechol estrogen-induced DNA damage. Toxicol Sci 2004;81(2):316-324. View abstract.

Walle, U. K. and Walle, T. Induction of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A1 by flavonoids-structural requirements. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002;30(5):564-569. View abstract.

Wang, C. and Kurzer, M. S. Effects of phytoestrogens on DNA synthesis in MCF-7 cells in the presence of estradiol or growth factors. Nutr Cancer 1998;31(2):90-100. View abstract.

Wang, H. W., Lin, C. P., Chiu, J. H., Chow, K. C., Kuo, K. T., Lin, C. S., and Wang, L. S. Reversal of inflammation-associated dihydrodiol dehydrogenases (AKR1C1 and AKR1C2) overexpression and drug resistance in nonsmall cell lung cancer cells by wogonin and chrysin. Int J Cancer 5-1-2007;120(9):2019-2027. View abstract.

Wang, W., VanAlstyne, P. C., Irons, K. A., Chen, S., Stewart, J. W., and Birt, D. F. Individual and interactive effects of apigenin analogs on G2/M cell-cycle arrest in human colon carcinoma cell lines. Nutr Cancer 2004;48(1):106-114. View abstract.

Weng, M. S., Ho, Y. S., and Lin, J. K. Chrysin induces G1 phase cell cycle arrest in C6 glioma cells through inducing p21Waf1/Cip1 expression: involvement of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Biochem Pharmacol 6-15-2005;69(12):1815-1827. View abstract.

Wolfman, C., Viola, H., Paladini, A., Dajas, F., and Medina, J. H. Possible anxiolytic effects of chrysin, a central benzodiazepine receptor ligand isolated from Passiflora coerulea. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1994;47(1):1-4. View abstract.

Woo, K. J., Jeong, Y. J., Inoue, H., Park, J. W., and Kwon, T. K. Chrysin suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression through the inhibition of nuclear factor for IL-6 (NF-IL6) DNA-binding activity. FEBS Lett 1-31-2005;579(3):705-711. View abstract.

Woodman, O. L. and Chan, E. C. Vascular and anti-oxidant actions of flavonols and flavones. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2004;31(11):786-790. View abstract.

Yano, S., Tachibana, H., and Yamada, K. Flavones suppress the expression of the high-affinity IgE receptor FcepsilonRI in human basophilic KU812 cells. J Agric.Food Chem 3-9-2005;53(5):1812-1817. View abstract.

Yin, F., Giuliano, A. E., and Van Herle, A. J. Growth inhibitory effects of flavonoids in human thyroid cancer cell lines. Thyroid 1999;9(4):369-376. View abstract.

Yueh, M. F., Kawahara, M., and Raucy, J. Cell-based high-throughput bioassays to assess induction and inhibition of CYP1A enzymes. Toxicol In Vitro 2005;19(2):275-287. View abstract.

Zhang, S., Wang, X., Sagawa, K., and Morris, M. E. Flavonoids chrysin and benzoflavone, potent breast cancer resistance protein inhibitors, have no significant effect on topotecan pharmacokinetics in rats or mdr1a/1b (-/-) mice. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005;33(3):341-348. View abstract.

Zhang, S., Yang, X., and Morris, M. E. Combined effects of multiple flavonoids on breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)-mediated transport. Pharm Res 2004;21(7):1263-1273. View abstract.

Zhang, S., Yang, X., and Morris, M. E. Flavonoids are inhibitors of breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)-mediated transport. Mol.Pharmacol 2004;65(5):1208-1216. View abstract.

Zhang, T., Chen, X., Qu, L., Wu, J., Cui, R., and Zhao, Y. Chrysin and its phosphate ester inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in Hela cells. Bioorg.Med Chem 12-1-2004;12(23):6097-6105. View abstract.

Breinholt V, Lauridsen ST, Dragsted LO. Differential effects of dietary flavonoids on drug metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes in female rat. Xenobiotica 1999;29:1227-40. View abstract.

Brown GA, Vukovich MD, Martini ER, et al. Effects of androstenedione-herbal supplementation on serum sex hormone concentrations in 30- to 59-year-old men. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 2001;71:293-301. View abstract.

Brown GA, Vukovich MD, Reifenrath TA, et al. Effects of anabolic precursors on serum testosterone concentrations and adaptations to resistance training in young men. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2000;10:340-59. View abstract.

Critchfield JW, Coligan JE, Folks TM, Butera ST. Casein kinase II is a selective target of HIV-1 transcriptional inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997;94:6110-5. View abstract.

Galijatovic A, Otake Y, Walle UK, Walle T. Extensive metabolism of the flavonoid chrysin by human Caco-2 and Hep G2 cells. Xenobiotica 1999;29:1241-56. View abstract.

Galijatovic A, Otake Y, Walle UK, Walle T. Induction of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A1 by the flavonoid chrysin in Caco-2 cells--potential role in carcinogen bioinactivation. Pharm Res 2001;18:374-9. View abstract.

Galijatovic A, Walle UK, Walle T. Induction of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase by the flavonoids chrysin and quercetin in Caco-2 cells. Pharm Res 2000;17:21-6. View abstract.

Geleijnse JM, Launer LJ, van der Kuip DA, et al. Inverse association of tea and flavonoid intakes with incident myocardial infarction: the Rotterdam Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;75:880-6. View abstract.

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Jeong HJ, Shin YG, Kim IH, Pezzuto JM. Inhibition of aromatase activity by flavonoids. Arch Pharm Res 1999;22:309-12. View abstract.

Kao YC, Zhou C, Sherman M, et al. Molecular basis of the inhibition of human aromatase (estrogen synthetase) by flavone and isoflavone phytoestrogens: A site-directed mutagenesis study. Environ Health Perspect 1998;106:85-92. View abstract.

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Lautraite S, Musonda AC, Doehmer J, et al. Flavonoids inhibit genetic toxicity produced by carcinogens in cells expressing CYP1A2 and CYP1A1. Mutagenesis 2002;17:45-53. View abstract.

Lee H, Yeom H, Kim YG, et al. Structure-related inhibition of human hepatic caffeine N3-demethylation by naturally occurring flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol 1998;55:1369-75. View abstract.

Medina JH, Paladini AC, Wolfman C, et al. Chrysin (5,7-di-OH-flavone), a naturally-occurring ligand for benzodiazepine receptors, with anticonvulsant properties. Biochem Pharmacol 1990;40:2227-31. View abstract.

Nagao A, Seki M, Kobayashi H. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by flavonoids. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1999;63:1787-90. View abstract.

Salgueiro JB, Ardenghi P, Dias M, et al. Anxiolytic natural and synthetic flavonoid ligands of the central benzodiazepine receptor have no effect on memory tasks in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1997;58:887-91. View abstract.

Shin JS, Kim KS, Kim MB, et al. Synthesis and hypoglycemic effect of chrysin derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999;9:869-74. View abstract.

Steerenberg PA, Garssen J, Dortant P, et al. Protection of UV-induced suppression of skin contact hypersensitivity: a common feature of flavonoids after oral administration? Photochem Photobiol 1998;67:456-61. View abstract.

Walle T, Otake Y, Brubaker JA, et al. Disposition and metabolism of the flavonoid chrysin in normal volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2001;51:143-6. View abstract.

Walle T, Otake Y, Galijatovic A, et al. Induction of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A1 by the flavonoid chrysin in the human hepatoma cell line hep G2. Drug Metab Dispos 2000;28:1077-82. View abstract.

Walle UK, Galijatovic A, Walle T. Transport of the flavonoid chrysin and its conjugated metabolites by the human intestinal cell line Caco-2. Biochem Pharmacol 1999;58:431-8. View abstract.

Wang HK, Xia Y, Yang ZY, et al. Recent advances in the discovery and development of flavonoids and their analogues as antitumor and anti-HIV agents. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998;439:191-225. View abstract.

Williams CA, Harborne JB, Newman M, et al. Chrysin and other leaf exudate flavonoids in the genus Pelargonium. Phytochemistry 1997;46:1349-53. View abstract.

Wolfman C, Viola H, Paladini A, et al. Possible anxiolytic effects of chrysin, a central benzodiazepine receptor ligand isolated from Passiflora coerulea. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1994;47:1-4.

Zanoli P, Avallone R, Baraldi M. Behavioral characterisation of the flavonoids apigenin and chrysin. Fitoterapia 2000;71:S117-S23. View abstract.

Chrysin: Health Benefits, Side Effects, Uses, Dose & Precautions (2024)
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